The Government Rose Garden in Ooty is one of the largest rose gardens in India. It spans across an area of about 10 acres, making it a substantial and expansive botanical garden. The garden is known for its vast collection of roses, featuring thousands of varieties, hybrids, and colors.

With well-maintained lawns, pathways, and pergolas, the Government Rose Garden provides a serene and picturesque setting for visitors to enjoy the beauty of roses and other ornamental plants. The size and diversity of the garden make it a popular attraction in Ooty, drawing tourists and flower enthusiasts throughout the year.

Varieties of Government Rose Garden:

The Government Rose Garden in Ooty is renowned for its extensive collection of roses, featuring numerous varieties, hybrids, and colors. Some of the varieties of roses are mentioned below,

1. Hybrid Tea Roses: Known for their large, single blooms on long stems, hybrid tea roses are often considered classic and are commonly grown for their beauty and fragrance.
2. Floribunda Roses: These roses produce clusters of flowers on each stem, creating a more abundant and colorful display. Floribundas are valued for their continuous blooming.
3. Grandiflora Roses: A cross between hybrid tea and floribunda roses, grandiflora roses combine the traits of both, featuring large, solitary blooms and clusters of flowers on a single stem.
4. Miniature Roses: Compact in size, miniature roses have small blooms and are often grown in containers. They come in a variety of colors and are prized for their versatility.
5. Climbing Roses: These roses are characterized by their long, arching canes, making them suitable for training to climb walls, fences, or trellises. They often produce clusters of blooms.
6. Old Garden Roses: These are traditional rose varieties that were cultivated before the introduction of hybrid teas. They often have a classic, romantic appearance and may include varieties like damask and bourbon roses.
7. Shrub Roses: Known for their hardiness and natural growth habit, shrub roses are versatile and can be used in landscaping. They produce clusters of flowers and are generally low-maintenance.
8. Groundcover Roses: These low-growing roses are often used as groundcovers or for mass plantings. They are valued for their ability to spread and create a carpet of blooms.
9. English Roses (David Austin Roses): Bred by David Austin, these roses combine the form of old garden roses with the repeat flowering of modern hybrids. They are often fragrant and come in a variety of colors.

Rose Show in Ooty:

The Rose Show in Ooty is an annual event held at the Government Rose Garden, showcasing the breathtaking beauty and diversity of roses. The show features an extensive display of various rose varieties, hybrids, and colors. The garden is in full bloom during this period, creating a vibrant and colorful spectacle.

The Rose Show often includes competitions where growers and gardeners showcase their best roses, competing for awards in different categories. In addition to the floral displays, the Rose Show may include cultural programs, entertainment, and other festivities to enhance the overall experience for visitors. The well-manicured lawns and the abundance of roses provide excellent opportunities for photography, making it a favorite event for those who enjoy capturing the beauty of flowers.

Visiting Hours and Entry fee of Rose Garden:

The garden is under the stewardship of the Tamil Nadu Horticulture Department and The admission cost for access to the Government Rose Garden in Ooty is INR 30 for adults and INR 15 for children. For the privilege of bringing a still camera, there is an additional fee of INR 50, and for a video camera, the applicable fee is INR 100. The garden operates from 7:30 am to 6:30 pm throughout the week.

How to reach Government Rose Garden:

By Air:Nearest Airport: Coimbatore International Airport (approx. 88 kilometers from Ooty).From the airport, you can hire a taxi or use other local transportation to reach Ooty.

By Train: Nearest Railway Station: Udagamandalam (Ooty) Railway Station.Ooty is connected by a narrow-gauge railway line. However, the nearest major railway station is Mettupalayam Railway Station.From Mettupalayam, you can take the Nilgiri Mountain Railway (toy train) or a taxi to Ooty.

By Road:

From Ooty:

1. Ooty is well-connected by road. You can reach Ooty by bus, car, or taxi from various nearby cities.
2. The Government Rose Garden is situated in the heart of Ooty town and is easily accessible by local transportation.
3. Navigate to Ooty and then head towards the center of the town.
4. The Government Rose Garden is a prominent landmark and is often well-signposted in the town.

Doddabetta Peak is located near Ooty (Udhagamandalam) in the Nilgiri Hills of the Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. The geographical coordinates are approximately 11.4084° N latitude and 76.6952° E longitude. It stands at an elevation of approximately 2,637 meters (8,650 feet) above sea level and also the highest point in the Nilgiri Hills, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes. Ooty is the nearest town and a popular hill station, making Doddabetta Peak a well-known tourist destination in the region.

Climate of Doddabetta peak:

The temperature at Doddabetta Peak remains relatively cool, especially compared to the surrounding plains. Summers (March to May) are mild, with daytime temperatures ranging from around 10 to 20 degrees Celsius (50 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit). Winters (December to February) can be chilly, with temperatures often dropping to around 0 to 10 degrees Celsius (32 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit).

The monsoon season occurs from June to September. During this period, the region receives a significant amount of rainfall, which contributes to the lush greenery of the surrounding hills. The hill station area, including Doddabetta, is known for misty and foggy conditions, especially in the early morning and late evening. This atmospheric phenomenon adds to the scenic beauty but can impact visibility.

Observation Tower of Doddabetta Peak:

The observation tower is a key attraction, allowing tourists to enjoy a 360-degree view of the Nilgiri Hills, the town of Ooty, the plains of Coimbatore, and even the Mysuru plateau on clear days. Visitors can use telescopes available at the tower to get a closer look at distant landmarks and appreciate the natural beauty of the Western Ghats.

The Doddabetta observation tower is a popular spot for photography, and it provides a tranquil setting for tourists to soak in the breathtaking views while surrounded by the cool and refreshing mountain air.

How to reach Doddabetta Peak:

By Air:Nearest Airport: Coimbatore International Airport (approx. 88 kilometers from Ooty).From the airport, you can hire a taxi or use other local transportation to reach Ooty.

By Train: Nearest Railway Station: Udagamandalam (Ooty) Railway Station.Ooty is connected by a narrow-gauge railway line. However, the nearest major railway station is Mettupalayam Railway Station.From Mettupalayam, you can take the Nilgiri Mountain Railway (toy train) or a taxi to Ooty.

By Road:

From Ooty:

1. Ooty is well-connected by road. You can reach Ooty by bus, car, or taxi from various nearby cities.
2. Doddabetta Peak is approximately 10 kilometers from Ooty town center.
3. You can hire a taxi or take a local bus to reach Doddabetta.

2. Driving Directions:

2. From Ooty, take the Ooty-Kotagiri Road.
3. Follow the road signs leading to Doddabetta Peak.

Bharatanatyam, a classical dance form originating from the southern state of Tamil Nadu, is a meticulously structured and stylized art with a deep historical and cultural heritage. It is a mesmerizing dance that harmoniously melds grace, rhythm, storytelling, and spirituality.

History of Bharatanatyam:

Bharatanatyam’s origins can be traced back to the temples of Tamil Nadu, where it was originally known as “Dasi Attam” or “Sadir.” It was performed by Devadasis, who were female temple dancers dedicated to serving deities through their dance and music. The Devadasis played a significant role in the rituals and religious ceremonies of the temples.

In the temples, Bharatanatyam was performed as a form of religious expression, storytelling, and devotion. It was used to convey stories from Hindu mythology, epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata, and other sacred narratives. The dance was considered a divine offering and a way to connect with the gods.

During the British colonial period in India, Devadasis faced significant social and cultural changes. The British administration and Christian missionaries viewed the Devadasi tradition with suspicion, leading to the suppression of temple dance practices. As a result, the dance was pushed into obscurity and underwent a transformation.

The post-independence period in India saw a resurgence of interest in Bharatanatyam. It was recognized as one of the classical dance forms of India and gained institutional support and patronage. Dancers and gurus continued to innovate and adapt the art form while preserving its core traditions.

Elements of Bharatanatyam:

Nritta : It consists of intricate and rhythmic movements of the body, particularly the legs and feet. Nritta focuses on the dancer’s physical technique, showcasing their mastery of adavus (basic dance units), footwork, and complex patterns.

Nritya: Nritya is the expressive aspect of Bharatanatyam. It involves storytelling through facial expressions, hand gestures (mudras), and body movements. The dancer conveys emotions, moods, and the meaning of the song or story through Nritya. Abhinaya, the art of expression, is a crucial part of Nritya.

Mudras: Mudras are intricate hand gestures that have specific symbolic meanings. Bharatanatyam uses over fifty mudras to convey a wide range of emotions, objects, and ideas. These gestures are essential for storytelling and are mastered through rigorous training.

Abhinaya: Abhinaya is the art of emotional expression in Bharatanatyam. It involves using the entire body, especially the eyes, face, and hands, to convey the lyrics and sentiments of a song or story. Abhinaya requires a deep understanding of the content and the ability to connect with the audience emotionally.

Rasa : In Bharatanatyam, “rasa” encapsulates the emotional essence that the dancer communicates to the audience. This classical dance form aspires to awaken distinct rasas, including love (shringara), valor (veera), compassion (karuna), and more, crafting a profound emotional resonance with the viewers. 

Bhava : Complementing rasa is “bhava,” which signifies the emotional mood or state of mind portrayed by the dancer throughout the performance. Bhava works in tandem with rasa, enabling the conveyance of nuanced emotions linked to the character or theme being enacted.

Natya: Natya encompasses the dramatic aspect of Bharatanatyam. It includes the use of dramatic elements and expressions in storytelling, often involving characters, dialogues, and narratives. The dancer may enact various roles and characters within a performance.

Costume and Makeup: Traditional Bharatanatyam costumes include colorful silk saris for female dancers and dhotis for male dancers. Jewelry, such as earrings, necklaces, and anklets with bells, complements the attire. Elaborate makeup, including bold eye makeup and distinctive facial expressions, is used to enhance the visibility of expressions on stage.

Music and Instruments: Bharatanatyam is often accompanied by classical South Indian music, including vocalists singing Carnatic music compositions. Instruments like the mridangam (percussion), violin, flute, and veena are commonly used. The music sets the rhythm and melody for the dance.

Stage and Lighting: The stage for Bharatanatyam performances is usually well-lit to accentuate the dancer’s expressions and movements. Special attention is given to the use of dramatic lighting to create a visually appealing and evocative atmosphere.

Choreography: Bharatanatyam choreography involves the arrangement and sequence of movements, compositions, and storytelling elements in a dance piece. Choreographers carefully structure the performance to create a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing presentation.

Global Appeal:

Bharatanatyam has gained international recognition and appreciation. Dancers and dance schools in various countries offer training in Bharatanatyam, and it is often performed at cultural events and festivals worldwide, contributing to the global dissemination of Indian culture. Dancers from diverse cultural backgrounds are increasingly taking up Bharatanatyam and collaborating with traditional Indian practitioners. This fusion of different dance styles and influences creates innovative and appealing performances.

Epilogue:

Bharatanatyam, a sublime dance form, weaves a rich tapestry of tradition, spirituality, and artistry. Its intricate hand gestures, expressive movements, and storytelling prowess mesmerize audiences globally. From its sacred origins in South Indian temples to its resurgence in the face of colonial challenges, Bharatanatyam has transcended borders and resonated with diverse cultures. This classical dance stands as a testament to the enduring power of art to unite, inspire, and evoke profound emotions.

Silambam, an ancient Indian martial art, has a rich history that dates back several centuries. Rooted in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, Silambam is a traditional martial art form that focuses on the use of sticks as weapons and is also known for its elaborate and rhythmic movements. This unique art form has not only preserved its historical significance but continues to be practiced and appreciated by enthusiasts and martial artists around the world.

Origins and History:

The origins of Silambam can be traced back to the southern regions of India, particularly Tamil Nadu and Kerala. It is believed to have been practiced for over 2,000 years and is closely associated with the ancient Sangam period of Tamil history, which existed between 300 BC and 300 AD.

The name “Silambam” itself is derived from the Tamil word “Silam,” which means “hill” or “mountain,” and “Ambu,” which means “arrow.” This name is a reflection of the art’s historical significance, where sticks were used both as weapons and as tools for hunting in hilly terrains.

Silambam Techniques:

Silambam is distinct for its intricate techniques and forms, which involve the use of sticks in various ways. The primary weapon in Silambam is the “Silambam staff,” a long stick made from various materials, often chosen for their flexibility, durability, and weight. The length of the staff typically varies from practitioner to practitioner, with a general rule being that it should measure from the ground to the practitioner’s armpit.

Key weapons in Silambam:

Silambam incorporates a variety of weapons and equipment, each serving a specific purpose in the practice and training of this art. Here are some of the key weapons and equipment used in Silambam:

Silambam Staff (Silambattam): The primary weapon in Silambam is the staff, also known as the “Silambam stick” or “Silambattam.” It is a long cylindrical stick made from materials like bamboo, rattan, or other hardwoods. The length of the staff can vary based on the practitioner’s height and preference but typically ranges from the ground to the practitioner’s armpit.

Yerikkaiparam: This is a short stick or baton, often made from wood, that is used as a secondary weapon in Silambam. It is typically held in the off-hand to assist in defense or as a secondary striking weapon.

Kodi Kambu (Flagpole): A pole topped with a flag or decorative finial. It can be used as a training tool to develop wrist and arm strength and control in striking and spinning techniques.

Maan Kombu (Deer Horn Knives): These are two curved knives shaped like a deer’s horns. While not as commonly used as the staff, they are occasionally integrated into Silambam for advanced practitioners, primarily for dual-wielding techniques.

Maru Kombu (Metal Rods): Maru Kombu are short metal rods used for striking and self-defense. They are not traditionally part of Silambam but can be incorporated into some modern variations of the art.

Karambit: A small, curved blade with a handle, often used in Filipino martial arts. It is sometimes incorporated into Silambam techniques.

Sword and Shield: Although not typical Silambam weapons, some practitioners combine Silambam techniques with sword and shield techniques, demonstrating versatility and adaptability.

Bullwhip: In some modern interpretations, the bullwhip is used for its precision and dexterity in striking and control.

Philosophy and Training

Silambam is not just about physical combat; it also emphasizes discipline, focus, and self-control. Practitioners often adhere to a code of ethics that promotes respect for one’s opponent and the art itself. Training in Silambam is rigorous and demanding, involving a combination of physical conditioning, techniques, and weapon handling. Additionally, meditation and breath control are also important aspects of Silambam training.

Benefits of Silambam:

Strength and Endurance: Silambam training involves rigorous movements and exercises that help develop muscular strength and endurance, particularly in the upper body.

Flexibility: Practicing Silambam requires a wide range of motion, which helps improve flexibility and agility.

Cardiovascular Health: The fast-paced, rhythmic nature of Silambam training provides an excellent cardiovascular workout, helping to improve heart health and stamina.

Balance and Coordination: The art’s intricate movements and techniques improve balance, coordination, and body control.

Weight Management: Regular practice of Silambam can help with weight management and overall fitness.

Silambam Today:

In recent years, Silambam has gained recognition beyond its traditional roots. It has found its way into the global martial arts community, with practitioners and enthusiasts from different countries showing interest in this unique and ancient martial art. Various organizations and associations have been established to preserve and promote Silambam, organizing competitions, workshops, and seminars to spread awareness and maintain its legacy.

Epilogue:

Silambam, the ancient Indian art of stick fighting, offers a fascinating glimpse into the rich martial heritage of the Tamil Nadu region. Its intricate techniques, deep-rooted philosophy, and cultural significance make it a valuable asset in the world of martial arts. As it continues to evolve and gain popularity on a global scale, Silambam serves as a testament to the enduring appeal of traditional martial arts. Whether you’re an aspiring martial artist or simply interested in exploring the cultural aspects of India, Silambam is a treasure worth discovering.

Overview of Thanjavur Paintings

Thanjavur Paintings are a traditional style of art work with its origin in Thanjavur or Tanjore. This art form dates back to the Maratha court of Thanjavur (1676-1855). Thanjavur paintings have been recognized as a Geographical Indication by the Government of India in 2007-08.

Image Attribution : Richard Mortel

History of Thanjavur Paintings

Thanjavur paintings have evolved over the years. Here’s a look at the history of Thanjavur paintings.

• Thanjavur paintings date back to as early as the period of Cholas (11th century) and Nayaks (16th century).
• With the fall of Vijayanagar Empire, some of the painters migrated to Thanjavur and worked under the patronage of the Thanjavur Nayaks.
• Later, when the Thanjavur Nayaks got defeated by the Maratha rulers, there was an evident influence of the Maratha patrons on the artists. This led to the evolution of the unique style of Thanjavur paintings.
• Thanjavur artists were involved in painting and decorating temples, palaces and residences of the Maratha kings and aristocrats.

Style and Themes of Tanjore Paintings

The characteristics and themes of Tanjore paintings are extensive and unique. Here are a few insights into the style in which Thanjavur paintings were created-
· The subject for most of the paintings is tales from Hindu mythology.
· Hindu gods, goddesses, saints, puranic tales and religious texts form the central part of Thanjavur paintings surrounded by other themes and figures.
· The paintings are distinguished by vivid and bright colours, intricate iconic representations embellished by gold coating.
· Thanjavur paintings are usually done on a canvas pasted on wooden planks.

The Making of Tanjore Paintings

The base for the Tanjore painting is a wooden plank on which a cloth is pasted. A preliminary sketch of the drawing is made on the base. To the base, a mixture of chalk powder/zinc oxide with water soluble adhesive is applied. The drawing is then decorated with pearls, glass beads or even with precious stones. To enhance the effect of the painting, bright hues are used for some parts of the painting while the other parts are pasted with thin gold sheets.

Artists of Thanjavur Paintings

The artists behind paintings in Thanjavur style belonged to the Raju community of Thanjavur and Trichy and the Nayadu community of Madurai. These artists were from the Rayalseema region of Andhra who originally spoke Telugu. But with the fall of Vijayanagar rule and the forming of Nayak rule in Thanjavur and Madurai, they opted to move to Tamil Nadu. Many of the artists from yesteryears remained anonymous owing to the artistic tradition.

Display of Thanjavur Paintings

Fine examples of Thanjavur paintings are displayed for public at the below mentioned places:

• Saraswathi Mahal in Thanjavur
• The Government Museum, Chennai
• Thanjavur Art Gallery, Thanjavur
• The British Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum, England
• The National Museum of Copenhagen, Denmark

Epilogue

Though the crafting methods and materials used have drastically changed over the years, this ancient art form continues to gain popularity. Thanjavur paintings are often used as souvenirs of art to decorate walls or as a perfect gift for art lovers.

Buy Thanjavur Paintings online:

If you want to buy the famous Thanjavur Paintings online, click to Thanjavur Paintings Online

Thanjavur Thalayatti Bommai

The famous Thanjavur Dolls are traditionally handmade toys popularly known as the Thanjavur Thalayatti Bommai in the Tamil language. The doll’s continuous oscillating movement while shaking its head and body grabs our attention instantly. Thanjavur Dolls have been recognized as Geographical Indication (GI) by the Government of India as of 2008-09.

What makes Thanjavur Dancing Dolls so unique?

• Thanjavur Dolls’ origination dates back to the early 19th century and forms a part of the rich heritage and traditional handicrafts of Thanjavur.
• The exquisite style of the dolls is the work of skilled artisans and craftsmen of Thanjavur who are responsible for its wide appeal across the world. The dolls are made using plaster of paris, paper mache, clay and wax.
• Thanjavur Dolls are generally a pair of king and queen. These lively, colourful dolls and their dancing style have a friendly welcoming aura. Their body movements especially shaking of heads is the most striking feature.
• These dazzling dolls are so made that their core weight is at the bottom-most region and hence can manage to balance themselves elegantly. Also, the heads of these dolls are detachable from the body.
• Thanjavur Dolls are of two kinds, the bobble-head style and the tilting doll style. The dancing girl and old man and woman dolls, which are a version of bobble-head, are very popular ones.
• Thanjavur Dolls are perfect for decorating our home interiors and also to give away as gifts and souvenirs.
• These dolls are primarily available at Punainallur Mariamman Temple in Thanjavur and are now available for purchase on online platforms.

Buy Thanjavur dancing dolls online:

If you want to buy the famous Thanjavur dancing dolls online, click to Thanjavur Dolls Online

Thanjavur Dolls are not just a beautiful piece of artwork but also signify the traditional Indian craft that we need to preserve, encourage and take pride in.

Image Attribution: Avin CP from Unsplash